About Low White Blood Cell Counts
Chemotherapy can weaken your natural defenses
Chemotherapy (also known as chemo) works by killing fast-growing cancer cells. Unfortunately, chemotherapy drugs can't always tell the difference between cancer cells and fast-growing healthy cells, including red and white blood cells. As a result, one of the most serious potential side effects of many types of chemotherapy drugs is a low white blood cell count.
1,4,5 Chemo that causes this side effect is described as myelosuppressive (my-eh-low-suh-PRESS-iv), because it suppresses your production of white blood cells. A low number of a specific type of white blood cells called neutrophils,—also known as neutropenia (new-tro-pee-nee-uh)—can put some patients at risk for severe infections and may interrupt chemo treatment.1-3 In fact, complications
associated with a low white blood cell count are the most common causes of dose reductions or delays in
chemotherapy.6-8 A sufficient white blood cell count may enable your doctors to administer chemotherapy according to their treatment schedule.
The fewer number of white blood cells you have and the longer you remain without enough, the more at risk you become for developing a potentially life-threatening infection, potentially resulting in hospitalization and administration of IV antibiotic therapy.9
Therefore, your doctor may need to delay chemo treatment or reduce your chemotherapy dose until your white blood cell count increases and the possibility of infection is reduced.
A low white blood cell count can interrupt chemotherapy
Healthy vs. Neutropenic Immune System
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Normal: White blood cells are a key part of your natural defenses, your immune system. At normal levels, white blood cells help protect your body against infection. |
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Neutropenic: Chemotherapy can reduce your white blood cell count. A low white blood cell count means your immune system isn't as strong as it could be and you are at increased risk of infection and interruptions in your chemotherapy. |
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For further information about low white blood cell counts, please visit the following resources:
Important safety information
Ruptured spleen (including fatal cases), a serious lung problem called acute respiratory distress syndrome, and serious allergic reactions have been reported. Call your doctor or seek emergency care right away if you have abdominal or shoulder tip pain, shortness of breath, trouble breathing, a fast rate of breathing, or any allergic reaction. The most common side effect of this injection is mild to moderate bone pain.
If you have any questions about this information, be sure to discuss them with your doctor. You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit www.fda.gov/medwatch or call 1-800-FDA-1088.
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